Improvement in utilizing slags of furnaces



UNITED STATES v PATENT I OFFICE.

WILLIAM'H, SMITH, OFPHIL'ADELPHIA, .PENNsYLVAiIIA.

.IMPROVEMENT I'N UTILIZING sLAcs OF uRNA'cEs,

Specification forming To all whom it may concern: 7 V Be it known that I, WILLIAM H. SMuH, of thecity. and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania,have'invented a new method of utilizing thosevitrifiable compounds pro duccd during the reduction of metals called slag or scoria,viz., their manufacture into a new class of wares, which I; denominate lava-ware; and L do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the above invention. i 1

I use for one class of manufactured articles viz'., tiles, plates, and all such articles ot'solid and hollow ware as can be easily molded-and pressed-the molten slag as it is ejeeted'from the reducing-furnace by operating therefrom all unfused scoria and tin-combined gas, and. mixing it with such aikalies and metals as may be requisite to soften it and change its color, and then by casting it into suitable molds and rolling, pressing, grinding,- polishing, &-c., after the manner of glass-works, i

For blown ware and the finer-qualitiesof pressed ware I use the slag after it has been more carefully refined, softened, and colored; and Lapply, in making such and like vitreous |nanufactures,-a compound reverberating furnace consisting ofa-succession of sandstone or fire-clay beds or compartments heated by the same fire, so as to obtainvario'us degrees of hcat' in the succeeding compartinents,'by which the more'easily l'used matter may be simultaneously worked with those more difficult of fusion in the sauierang'e ot' furnace in orderto work'various qualities and colors of vitreous material with comparatively little expcndit-urefof fueh- In this reverberating furnace 1 subject the molten slag to'snch a degree of heat as may be'snfficient to keep it in a state suitable .for

the operations of blowing, casting, &,c.- .1 also soften and color the slagtherein' and then blow the 'slagso'refined into were, outofsuitpart of Letters Patent .No. 9,459, daicd Dec'embr 7, 1852.

able openings in the reverberating furnace, using. said reverberatory as a substitute for the pots used for melting and blowing glass. 1 If, asjis often the case, the quality of the slag is not su'fiiciently good to admit of its flowing from the blast-furnace into thev reverberatory in its molten state, Icool the slag or solidify it in thin sheets or layers by pouring it upon so chill the slag as toseparateits vitreous particles from those which are not vitreous, thereby forminga product which, when reinelted, forms a refinedandpurified material suitable for be ing manufactured into bottles and all kinds be combined with too much metahor it becomes necessary to separate it from ltsmetallic ores,

slag to flow from the melted ore into'an adjacent chamber of thefurnaceo'ut ofwhich i t is worked by'blowing.

In annealing lava-ware itis necessary to use for most articles a regular, in tense, and long. continued heat, and also at times to cover the were with clay,' ashes, soapstone, sand, .&c.,'

v vary its color, texture and vitrification.

secure by Letters Patent, so as toliave the exclusive right therein, is-

other'like furnaces, refininga'nd working of the purposes-set forth in the specification, wherepurposes a class of Witnesses; I

QHA'RLns D. FREEMAN,

-H; FrsLnm metallicplates, or by other suitable methods.

of blown and pressed ware.- Again, if the slag A lslnelt such material in one chamber of the L reverberating furnace and cause the separated both to protect it from sudden cooling, and v and'degree of hardness 1 What I claim as my in ventiou', and desire to I The process of utilizing the slags of iron and same, substantially in the mannerand for the byI bring iutosuccessful operation for useful hitherto useless products. WILLIAM H. SMITH. 

